The history of acetic acid

Vinegar almost throughout the entire history of human civilization. Acetic acid fermentation bacteria (Acetobacter) can be found in every corner of the world, every nation in the brewing time, the inevitable will find vinegar - it is exposed to air these alcoholic beverages after a natural product. As China's son had Doukan Dark Tower because wine vinegar too long to get the argument.

The use of acetic acid in chemistry can be traced back to very ancient times. In the 3rd century BC, the Greek philosopher Theophrastus described in detail how the acid reacts with the metal art on the use of pigments, including white lead (lead carbonate), Pseudomonas (a mixture of copper salts including copper acetate). Roman people will sour wine on a leaden vessel boil, to get a high sweetness syrup, called "sapa". "Sapa" rich in a kind of sweet sugar of lead, that lead acetate, which led to lead poisoning among the Roman aristocracy. 8th century, Persian alchemy Shigubier, concentrated by distillation of acetic acid in vinegar.

Renaissance, people through the dry distillation of metal acetates prepared acetic acid. 16 Shi-century German alchemist Andreas to describe this approach, and take glacial acetic acid produced by such a method to extract and vinegar acid by the comparison. Simply because the presence of water, leading to the nature of acetic acid so much change, so that in a few centuries, chemists have all agreed that these are two distinct substances. French chemist Adi (Pierre Adet) proved that both of them are the same.

In 1847, German scientist Adolf Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe first synthesized through inorganic acid. The first course of this reaction is converted to carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride after chlorination, followed by pyrolysis of tetrachlorethylene after hydrolysis and chlorination, resulting trichloroacetic acid, the final step produced by the electrolytic reduction of acetic acid.

1910, most of the acetic acid is extracted from the dry distillation of wood tar obtained. The first is the treatment of coal tar by calcium hydroxide, calcium acetate and the resulting acidified with sulfuric acid, to obtain one of the acetic acid. During this period, Germany produced about 10,000 tons of glacial acetic acid, of which 30% was used to produce indigo dye.

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